关于WFH
WFH,全名为Windows Feature Hunter,即Windows功能搜索工具,该工具基于Python开发,使用Frida实现其功能,可以帮助广大研究人员搜索和识别Windows可执行程序中的常见安全漏洞以及功能。当前版本的WFH能够自动识别动态链接库DLL中潜在的侧加载问题以及组件对象模型COM中劫持攻击的实现可能。
DLL侧加载利用勒Windows中WinSXS程序集来从SXS列表中加载恶意DLL文件。COM劫持将允许攻击者置入恶意代码,而这些代码将能够通过劫持COM引用和关系代替合法软件的执行。
WFH可以输出潜在的安全漏洞,并将目标Windows可执行文件中的潜在漏洞相关信息写入至CSV文件中。
工具安装
首先, 广大研究人员需要使用下列命令将该项目源码克隆至本地:
- git clone https://github.com/ConsciousHacker/WFH  
然后运行下列命令安装和配置相关依赖组件:
- pip install -r requirements.txt  
工具帮助信息
- PS C:\Tools\WFH > python .\wfh.py -h  
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- usage: wfh.py [-h] -t T [T ...] -m {dll,com} [-v] [-timeout TIMEOUT]  
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-    
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- Windows Feature Hunter  
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-    
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- optional arguments:  
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-   -h, --help            show this help message and exit  
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-   -t T [T ...], -targets T [T ...]  
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-                         list of target windows executables  
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-   -m {dll,com}, -mode {dll,com}  
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-                         vulnerabilities to potentially identify  
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-   -v, -verbose          verbose output from Frida instrumentation  
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-   -timeout TIMEOUT      timeout value for Frida instrumentation  
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-    
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- EXAMPLE USAGE  
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-     NOTE: It is recommended to copy target binaries to the same directory as wfh for identifying DLL Sideloading  
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-    
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-     DLL Sideloading Identification (Single):        python wfh.py -t .\mspaint.exe -m dll  
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-     DLL Sideloading Identification (Verbose):       python wfh.py -t .\mspaint.exe -m dll -v  
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-     DLL Sideloading Identification (Timeout 30s):   python wfh.py -t .\mspaint.exe -m dll -timeout 30  
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-     DLL Sideloading Identification (Wildcard):      python wfh.py -t * -m dll  
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-     DLL Sideloading Identification (List):          python wfh.py -t .\mspaint.exe .\charmap.exe -m dll  
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-    
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-     COM Hijacking Identification (Single):          python wfh.py -t "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" -m com  
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-     COM Hijacking Identification (Verbose):         python wfh.py -t "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" -m com -v  
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-     COM Hijacking Identification (Timeout 60s):     python wfh.py -t "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" -m com -timeout 60  
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-     COM Hijacking Identification (Wildcard):        python wfh.py -t * -m com -v  
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- COM Hijacking Identification (List):            python wfh.py -t "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" "C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe" -m com -v  
工具使用
(1) DLL侧加载识别
首先,我们需要将需要分析的代码拷贝至WFH工具所在的目录下,然后按照下列命令执行扫描分析:
- PS C:\Tools\WFH > copy C:\Windows\System32\mspaint.exe .  
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- PS C:\Tools\WFH > copy C:\Windows\System32\charmap.exe .  
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- PS C:\Tools\WFH > dir  
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-     Directory: C:\Tools\WFH  
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-    
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-    
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- Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name  
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- ----                 -------------         ------ ----  
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- d-----         5/14/2021   2:12 PM                .vscode  
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- -a----          5/6/2021   2:39 PM           1928 .gitignore  
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- -a----         12/7/2019   2:09 AM         198656 charmap.exe  
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- -a----         5/18/2021   7:39 AM           6603 loadlibrary.js  
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- -a----          4/7/2021  12:48 PM         988160 mspaint.exe  
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- -a----         5/18/2021   7:53 AM           8705 README.md  
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- -a----         5/17/2021  11:27 AM           5948 registry.js  
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- -a----          5/6/2021   2:41 PM             11 requirements.txt  
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- -a----         5/18/2021   8:35 AM          10623 wfh.py  
接下来,我们就可以使用WFH来对目标代码进行分析,并尝试识别其中的DLL侧加载机会:
- PS C:\Tools\WFH > python .\wfh.py -t * -m dll  
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- ==================================================  
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- Running Frida against charmap.exe  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
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-    
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- [*] Writing raw Frida instrumentation to charmap.exe-raw.log  
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- [*] Writing Potential DLL Sideloading to charmap.exe-sideload.log  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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- ==================================================  
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- Running Frida against mspaint.exe  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : gdiplus.dll, dwFlags : NONE  
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-         [-] Potential DllExport Sideloading: GetProcAddress,hModule : C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\amd64_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.1.19041.789_none_faf0a7e97612e7bb\gdiplus.dll, LPCSTR: GdiplusStartup  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
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- [*] Writing raw Frida instrumentation to mspaint.exe-raw.log  
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- [*] Writing Potential DLL Sideloading to mspaint.exe-sideload.log  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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- ==================================================  
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- [*] Writing dll results to dll_results.csv  
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- PS C:\Tools\WFH > type .\dll_results.csv  
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- Executable,WinAPI,DLL,EntryPoint / WinAPI Args  
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- charmap.exe,LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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- charmap.exe,LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
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- mspaint.exe,LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : gdiplus.dll, dwFlags : NONE  
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- mspaint.exe,GetProcAddress,hModule : C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\amd64_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.1.19041.789_none_faf0a7e97612e7bb\gdiplus.dll, LPCSTR: GdiplusStartup  
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- mspaint.exe,LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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- mspaint.exe,LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
如果你想让WFH输出更多详细内容,可以使用“-v”参数开启Verbose模式。此时将能够查看Windows API调用的详细情况:
- PS C:\Tools\WFH > python .\wfh.py -t * -m dll -v  
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- ==================================================  
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- Running Frida against charmap.exe  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL'}  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE'}  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
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-    
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- [*] Writing raw Frida instrumentation to charmap.exe-raw.log  
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- [*] Writing Potential DLL Sideloading to charmap.exe-sideload.log  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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- ==================================================  
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- Running Frida against mspaint.exe  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : gdiplus.dll, dwFlags : NONE'}  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'GetProcAddress,hModule : C:\\WINDOWS\\WinSxS\\amd64_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.1.19041.789_none_faf0a7e97612e7bb\\gdiplus.dll, LPCSTR: GdiplusStartup'}  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL'}  
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- {'type': 'send', 'payload': 'LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE'}  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : gdiplus.dll, dwFlags : NONE  
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-         [-] Potential DllExport Sideloading: GetProcAddress,hModule : C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\amd64_microsoft.windows.gdiplus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.1.19041.789_none_faf0a7e97612e7bb\gdiplus.dll, LPCSTR: GdiplusStartup  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryW,LPCWSTR: MSFTEDIT.DLL  
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-         [+] Potential DllMain Sideloading: LoadLibraryExW,LPCWSTR : MSFTEDIT.DLL, dwFlags : NONE  
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-    
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- [*] Writing raw Frida instrumentation to mspaint.exe-raw.log  
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- [*] Writing Potential DLL Sideloading to mspaint.exe-sideload.log  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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- ==================================================  
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- [*] Writing dll results to dll_results.csv  
(2) COM劫持识别
- PS C:\Tools\WFH > python .\wfh.py -t "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" -m com  
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- ==================================================  
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- Running Frida against C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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-         [+] Potential COM Hijack: Path : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\CLSID\{0E5AAE11-A475-4C5B-AB00-C66DE400274E}\InProcServer*32,lpValueName : null,Type : REG_EXPAND_SZ, Value : %SystemRoot%\system32\Windows.Storage.dll  
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-         [+] Potential COM Hijack: Path : HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{1FD49718-1D00-4B19-AF5F-070AF6D5D54C}\InProcServer*32,lpValueName : null,Type : REG_SZ, Value : C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\90.0.818.62\BHO\ie_to_edge_bho_64.dll  
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-    
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- [*] Writing raw Frida instrumentation to .\iexplore.exe-raw.log  
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- [*] Writing Potential COM Hijack to .\iexplore.exe-comhijack.log  
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- --------------------------------------------------  
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- ==================================================  
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- [*] Writing dll results to comhijack_results.csv  
工具使用样例
(1) 原生Windows签名代码
将所有的原生Windows签名代码拷贝至WFH脚本所在目录:
- Get-ChildItem c:\ -File | ForEach-Object { if($_ -match '.+?exe$') {Get-AuthenticodeSignature $_.fullname} } | where {$_.IsOSBinary} | ForEach-Object {Copy-Item $_.path . }  
(2) 搜索DLL侧加载机会
- python wfh.py -t * -m dll  
(3) 搜索COM劫持机会
- python wfh.py -t * -m com